Clouds

Clouds#

The cloud is infrastructure as an API. The operator stands up redirectors, ranges, C2 planes, and analysis estates from a terminal, and tears them down without leaving artifacts behind. Providers offer the same core building blocks under different names; software-defined infrastructure is what makes the whole estate programmable underneath.

Read the provider’s primitives, learn the seams between them, and the cloud becomes both a lab for operator-built capability and a target surface to enumerate when the mission calls for it.

Foundations#

Cloud

The common primitives every provider exposes and the mental model that survives switching between them.

Cloud
Software-defined

What “infrastructure as an API” actually buys the operator, and how SDN, SDS, and SDDC fit together underneath.

Software-Defined Infrastructure

Providers#

AWS

The reference cloud. Largest catalog, deepest IAM, most opinions baked in.

AWS
Azure

Microsoft’s cloud, tightly integrated with AD and the Windows estate the operator often meets on target.

Azure
GCP

Google’s cloud. Strongest data and ML primitives.

GCP
Alibaba

The dominant cloud across China and APAC.

Alibaba Cloud
Oracle

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure. Database-heritage cloud the operator meets in enterprise estates.

OCI
IBM

IBM Cloud. Mainframe-adjacent and regulated-industry heavy.

IBM Cloud
Tencent

Tencent Cloud. APAC reach with gaming, video, and WeChat adjacencies.

Tencent Cloud
DigitalOcean

Lightweight, developer-first. Cheap stand-up for ranges and throwaway infrastructure.

DigitalOcean
Cloudflare

Edge network, DNS, R2, Workers, Tunnel. Sits in front of a lot of the public internet.

Cloudflare
Heroku

PaaS in its original sense. Push code, get a URL.

Heroku