India

Contents

India#

India flag

The Indus Valley civilization, one of the world’s oldest, flourished during the 3rd and 2nd millennia B.C.

Government type: federal parliamentary republic. Chief of state: President Droupadi MURMU (since 25 July 2022).

Facts#

Capital

New Delhi

Region

Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan

Area

total : 3,287,263 sq km; land: 2,973,193 sq km; water: 314,070 sq km

Population

1,419,316,933 (2025 est.)

Languages

Hindi 43.6%, Bengali 8%, Marathi 6.9%, Telugu 6.7%, Tamil 5.7%, Gujarati 4.6%, Urdu 4.2%, Kannada 3.6%, Odia 3.1%, Malayalam 2.9%, Punjabi 2.7%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili 1.1%, other 5.6%; English is the subsidiary official language but is the most important one for national, political, and commercial communication (2011 est.)

Currency

Indian rupees (INR)

Time zone

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ccTLD

.in

Refugees#

Camps hosting refugees, asylum-seekers, and internally displaced persons (IDPs) inside the country. Operators use this to track population movement, NGO and UN footprint, humanitarian access corridors, and the political pressure conflict generates on the host. Cross-reference UNHCR Operational Data Portal, IOM DTM, and ReliefWeb before relying on the entry.

Camp

Population

Origin

Location

Notes

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