South Africa

Some of the earliest human remains in the fossil record were found in South Africa.

Government type: parliamentary republic. Chief of state: President Matamela Cyril RAMAPHOSA (since 19 June 2024).

Facts

Capital	Pretoria (administrative capital); Cape Town (legislative capital); Bloemfontein (judicial capital)
Region	Southern Africa, at the southern tip of the continent of Africa
Area	total : 1,219,090 sq km; land: 1,214,470 sq km; water: 4,620 sq km
Population	61,089,926 (2025 est.)
Languages	isiZulu or Zulu (official) 25.3%, isiXhosa or Xhosa (official) 14.8%, Afrikaans (official) 12.2%, Sepedi or Pedi (official) 10.1%, Setswana or Tswana (official) 9.1%, English (official) 8.1%, Sesotho or Sotho (official) 7.9%, Xitsonga or Tsonga (official) 3.6%, siSwati or Swati (official) 2.8%, Tshivenda or Venda (official) 2.5%, isiNdebele or Ndebele (official) 1.6%, other (includes South African sign language (official) and Khoi or Khoisan or Khoe languages) 2% (2018 est.)
Currency	rand (ZAR)
Time zone	to be filled
ccTLD	.za

Refugees

Camps hosting refugees, asylum-seekers, and internally displaced persons (IDPs) inside the country. Operators use this to track population movement, NGO and UN footprint, humanitarian access corridors, and the political pressure conflict generates on the host. Cross-reference UNHCR Operational Data Portal, IOM DTM, and ReliefWeb before relying on the entry.

Camp	Population	Origin	Location	Notes
to be filled	to be filled	to be filled	to be filled	to be filled