Government

constitutional monarchy

System	constitutional monarchy
Capital	Luxembourg
Head of state	Grand Duke GUILLAUME (since 3 October 2025)
Head of government	Prime Minister Luc FRIEDEN (since 17 November 2023)
Legislature	legislature name: Chamber of Deputies (Chambre des députés); legislative structure: unicameral; number of seats: 60 (all directly elected); electoral system: proportional representation; scope of elections: full renewal; term in office: 5 years; most recent election date: 10/8/2023; parties elected and seats per party: Christian Social People’s Party (CSV) (21); Democratic Party (PD/DP) (14); Socialist Workers’ Party (POSL/LSAP) (11); Alternative Democratic Reform Party (ADR) (5); Greens (DEI GRÉNG) (4); Pirate Party (PIRATEN) (3); Other (2); percentage of women in chamber: 35%; expected date of next election: October 2028
Judiciary	highest court(s): Supreme Court of Justice includes Court of Appeal and Court of Cassation (consists of 27 judges on 9 benches); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 members); judge selection and term of office: judges of both courts appointed by the monarch for life; subordinate courts: Court of Accounts; district and local tribunals and courts
Constitution	history: previous 1842 (heavily amended 1848, 1856); latest effective 17 October 1868; amendment process: proposed by the Chamber of Deputies or by the monarch to the Chamber; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by the Chamber in two successive readings three months apart; a referendum can be substituted for the second reading if approved by more than a quarter of the Chamber members or by 25,000 valid voters; adoption by referendum requires a majority of all valid voters
Independence	1839 (from the Netherlands)
Administrative divisions	12 cantons; Capellen, Clervaux, Diekirch, Echternach, Esch-sur-Alzette, Grevenmacher, Luxembourg, Mersch, Redange, Remich, Vianden, Wiltz

Departments

TODO. Ministries and authoritative sites, to be filled out.

Hierarchy

How power is wired. The diagram below carries the generic template; refine the boxes and edges to match the current regime.

        flowchart TD
  HoS["Head of State"]
  HoG["Head of Government"]
  Leg["Legislature"]
  Jud["Judiciary"]
  Cab["Cabinet"]
  Foreign["Foreign Affairs"]
  Interior["Interior"]
  Defense["Defense"]
  Finance["Finance"]
  Justice["Justice"]

  HoS --> HoG
  HoG --> Cab
  Cab --> Foreign
  Cab --> Interior
  Cab --> Defense
  Cab --> Finance
  Cab --> Justice
  HoS -.- Leg
  HoS -.- Jud
    

Resources

Public-facing portals the people use day to day. Operators monitor these for policy changes, official notices, and civil-registry data.

Resource	Site	Purpose
National portal	to be filled	One-stop government services for citizens.
Tax / revenue	to be filled	Income tax, VAT, customs.
Civil registry	to be filled	Births, deaths, marriages, national ID.
Immigration	to be filled	Visas, residency, naturalisation.
Health	to be filled	Public health, advisories, vaccination records.
Education	to be filled	Curricula, school directories, transcripts.
Statistics	to be filled	Census, economic indicators, opendata.
Police / emergency	to be filled	Reporting, missing persons, emergency contacts.